The singularity previous next

But we get much more!
It turns out every Γ-invariant polynomial on 2 is a polynomial in V, E, and F.

Thus, the variety 2/Γ is isomorphic to the complex surface

{(V, E, F) ∈ ℂ3 : V5 + E2 + F3 = 0}

This surface is smooth except at V = E = F = 0, where it has a singularity.

And hiding in this singularity is E8!










For more on this 'Kleinian singularity', see Section 5 here: and Section 5.1 here: For much more, see: